Radiator.



J. H. COLLINS.

RADIATOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 23. 1918. v 1,297,4QK Patented Mar. 18,1919.

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JAMES H. COLLINS, 01E HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

Patented Mar. 18,1919.

RADIATOR.

1,297,447, Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed February 23, 1918. Serial No. 218 ,690.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES H. COLLINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ha-rrisbur in the county of Dauphin and State of ennsylvania, have invented certain new and' useful Improvements in Radiators, of which the following is a specification. v

The object of this invention is to provide improvements in fluid heated radiators, and particularly with regard to increasing the efliciency thereof with a given amount of fluid available.

Another object is to provide a radiator of large external radiating area, which ordinarily means an increased interior cubical content, but in this case materially decreasing said cubical content without in any way afi'ectin the area of the said external radiating sur ace.

Still another object is to rovide a means for accomplishing the resu t above stated, which at the same time will not absorb and disburse any of the calories carried into the radiator by the particular fluid in use, which may be air, vapor, steam, water, or the like.

And a still further object is to provide a means for the purpose above stated such as will be capable of providing a vacuated'interior, thus preventing said means from conveying heat from said fluid to the exterior of the radiator proper, said means by virtue of its vacuated interior also acting as a heat refiecti means, destined thereby to increase t e efiiciency of the heated fluid in affecting the temperature of the exterior radiator casing, and thereby to the surround-' in atmosphere.

ith these and still further objects in view, the preferred embodiment of the invention'consists in certain novel details of construction and operation as are fully bodying brought out in thefollowing specification when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical, diametrical the broad idea of the invention; and Fig. 2 is a transverse horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Referring to t, e drawings, a casing is provided of any desired shape whatsoever, but in this instance comprising a closed upper portion 1 and substantial cylindrical walls 2, which latter are partially closed at their lowermost portion by means of a Wall 3, provided with an internally Ethreaded casing adjacent to section of a device em- 1 aperture 4, surrounded by a bushing 5, said last-named wall being integral if desired, but at least unitarily associated with the said Walls 2.

The said casing is provided with an inlet 6 through which any desired heated fluid may ass, such as steam, water, gas, or'the like, y means of a pipe 7, the flow of said fluid being regulated at will by means of the valve 8 in said pipe. In common practice, it is preferable to place the fluid-inlet to the the latter, while preferably opposite thereto and adjacent to the uppermost portion of said casing, there is provided an outlet 9 from which a pipe (not shown) may lead a heated liquid, when such is used, or in which outlet in the present instance is shown a valve 10, by which gaseous fluids are allowed to escape, as they become cooled and have their place within the radiator casing occupied by more heat gases.

Extending substantially throughout the length of the said casing and preferably to within a short distance of the uppermost wall thereof, is a suitably shaped tube 11, which is closed at its uppermost end 12, and provided adjacent to its lowermost portion with screw-threads 13 by which it is tightly secured within and supported by the walls of the opening 4 in the casingwall 3. The lower end of the said tube preferably extends slightly beyond and below the said casing-wall 3, and is provided with a suitable cap 14 and with any desired form of valve or pet-cock 15, through which a vacuum may-be obtained within said tube, and by which said vacuum may be maintained after being accomplished by means of a suitable pump 16, or other suitable vacuating mechanism. In order to insure the air-t1ghtness of the tube 11 and the radiator the lowermost portion of In the operation of this device, when a heated fluid is permitted to enter the radiator casing, the latter will experience a rise in temperature approaching that of the fluid admitted thereinto, and thereby heating the surrounding atmosphere by radiation, contact and convection, to no less degree than were the vacuated tube 11 omitted from within the casing, and at the same time necessitating the use of a considerably less volume of fluid by reason of the interior cubical contents of the said'casingbeing;

partially occupied by the saidtube'. However, while the fluid and exact extent of the increased efliciency is not definitely known at this time, it has been found that a eat saving in heating fluid is made possib e by proportionately decreasing'the amount of fuel necessary to generate either the fluid itself, as in the case of steam, or the degree to which the same is heated.

Furthermore, it has been definitely noted that while this increased efficiency is present and clearly obvious even while said tube is not vacuated, but is filled with air at or. about atmospheric pressure, said efiiciency transmission of heat-calories from the fluid to the exterior casing, with its consequent greater temperature raising efiiciency as regards the surroundin atmosphere.

Therefore, while it as been found more advantageous to maintain a vacuum within the interior tube, it is to be understood that increased efliciency has been found even when no vacuum is employed and with the air within said tube at or about normal atmospheric pressure.

Having thus described my invention, what.

I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A radiator unit, comprising a shell havin a fluid inlet and an outlet, a cell su porte within said shell by one of the wal s of the latter and extending through said supporting wall, and means to seal said cell after vacuating said cell.

A radiator unit, comprising a shell having a fluid inlet and an outlet, a cell supported within said shell by one of the walls of the latter and extending through said supporting wall, means to seal said cell, anfil means to permit the vacuating of said ce 3; A radiator unit, comprisin a shell having a fluid inlet and an out et, a cell supported within said shell'by one of the Walls of the latter and extending through said supporting wall, means to seal said cell, an means within said sealing-means to emit the Vacuating of said cell.

n testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JAMES H. COLLINS.

Witnesses:

MARIAN ESPENSHADE, MERRILL T. ORANMER. 

